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Operators: Comparison Operators (==, !=, <, >, <=, >=)

Following our exploration of Operators: Arithmetic Operators, this article dives into the world of comparison operators in Python. These operators allow you to compare two values and get a boolean result (True or False).


📚 Prerequisites

A basic understanding of Python variables and data types.


🎯 Article Outline: What You'll Master

In this article, you will learn:

  • The six comparison operators in Python.
  • How to compare numbers and strings.
  • The difference between == and is.

🧠 Section 1: The Comparison Operators

Python has six comparison operators:

OperatorNameExample
==Equal to10 == 5
!=Not equal to10 != 5
<Less than10 < 5
>Greater than10 > 5
<=Less than or equal to10 <= 5
>=Greater than or equal to10 >= 5

These operators will always return a boolean value: True or False.


💻 Section 2: Comparing Numbers and Strings

Comparison operators can be used to compare numbers and strings.

Comparing Numbers:

print(10 > 5)  # Output: True
print(10 == 10.0) # Output: True

Comparing Strings:

When comparing strings, Python uses lexicographical (alphabetical) order.

print("apple" < "banana") # Output: True
print("hello" == "world") # Output: False

🛠️ Section 3: == vs. is

It's important to understand the difference between the == and is operators.

  • == (Equality): Checks if the values of two operands are equal.
  • is (Identity): Checks if two variables point to the same object in memory.
list1 = [1, 2, 3]
list2 = [1, 2, 3]
list3 = list1

print(list1 == list2) # Output: True (the values are the same)
print(list1 is list2) # Output: False (they are two different objects)
print(list1 is list3) # Output: True (they point to the same object)

For comparing with None, you should always use is.


💡 Conclusion & Key Takeaways

You've now learned how to use comparison operators to compare values in Python.

Let's summarize the key takeaways:

  • Comparison Operators: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=.
  • Boolean Result: Comparison operators always return True or False.
  • == vs. is: == checks for equality of value, while is checks for identity of object.

Challenge Yourself: Write a script that takes two numbers as input and prints which one is larger.


➡️ Next Steps

In the next article, we'll learn about "Operators: Logical Operators (and, or, not)".

Happy coding!


Glossary (Python Terms)

  • Comparison Operator: An operator that compares two values and returns a boolean result.
  • Lexicographical Order: Alphabetical order.
  • Identity: Whether two variables refer to the same object in memory.

Further Reading (Python Resources)